cǎojià bǎiyàn en

Caojia baiyan is found in Qing dynasty documents such as the Gongcheng zuofa 工程做法, Yuanmingyuan neigong zeli 圓明園內工則例, and Yangzhou huafang lu 揚州畫舫錄 . Literally meaning a “rough-frame verification assembly,” it refers to a trial assembly of the bracket-set construction in Qing dynasty official-style architecture. Once the trial assembly is complete and determined to be structurally sound, the bracket-set is dismantled for refinement, after which it is reassembled as the final building frame. In some texts, caojia baiyan could be abbreviated as caoyan 草驗. Caojia baiyan is found in Qing dynasty documents such as the Gongcheng zuofa (Gongbu 1773, 62.23b), Yuanmingyuan neigong zeli (Guan 1644-1911, 24), and Yangzhou huafang lu (Li 1795,17.7b). Literally meaning a "rough-frame verification assembly," it refers to a trial assembly of the bracket-set construction in Qing dynasty official-style architecture (Pan and He 2005, 105). Once the trial assembly is complete and determined to be structurally sound, the bracket-set is dismantled for refinement, after which it is reassembled as the final building frame. In some texts, caojia baiyan could be abbreviated as caoyan (Ma 2003, 271).1 Caojia baiyan is found in Qing dynasty documents such as the Gongcheng zuofa Gongbu Yuanmingyuan neigong zeli Guan and Yangzhou huafang lu . Literally meaning a rough-frame verification assembly, it refers to a trial assembly of the bracket-set construction in Qing dynasty official-style architecture Pan and He Once the trial assembly is complete and determined to be structurally sound, the bracket-set is dismantled for refinement, after which it is reassembled as the final building frame. In some texts, caojia baiyan could be abbreviated as caoyan.